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Thrombocytopenia is the medical term for depression blood platelets. Platelets are a type of cell in your bloodstream that aid course blood clots. When you get a cutting or injury to a claret vessel, blood clots grade to plug the pigsty and stop the bleeding. If you accept low platelets, you may not be able to grade clots properly. That tin can put you at chance for severe haemorrhage.
Normal platelet counts for adults are between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets per microliter (uL) of blood. Thrombocytopenia is a platelet count beneath 150,000. This status can be more or less severe. The fewer platelets you have, the more serious your symptoms may be. Most people have a steady platelet count over time, so large changes in your platelet count tin can as well be cause for concern.
If you've been diagnosed with thrombocytopenia or you have a depression platelet count on your blood tests, piece of work with your medico to brand a treatment program. The good news is that there are effective treatments that can assistance manage symptoms and prevent complications.
Platelets are an of import part of the blood clotting process in your body. When platelet counts are besides low, you have an increased risk of bleeding. Symptoms of thrombocytopenia include:
- Bleeding from your gums after brushing your teeth
- Nosebleeds that are hard to stop
- Easy bleeding or bruising
- Blood in your stool (poop)
- Minor red spots on your skin (called petechiae)
If yous have bleeding that won't stop, get emergency medical assistance right abroad.
The hazard for severe bleeding depends on how low your platelet count is. If you have mild thrombocytopenia, your risk for life-threatening bleeding is not high. Nonetheless, if you lot have a moderately depression platelet count (less than 75,000/uL), you may be at risk of serious bleeding from traumatic injuries such as car accidents. At this level, information technology may besides be dangerous to have surgery.
If your platelet count is severely low (less than 30,000/uL), you may be at hazard for severe spontaneous bleeding (bleeding that happens for no apparent reason). Trauma, surgery or other blood disorders tin as well heighten your risk for astringent haemorrhage. Work with your doctor to understand what your platelet count ways for you.
What Causes Thrombocytopenia?
The lifespan of platelets is seven to x days, then your body is constantly making, using and destroying platelets. Thrombocytopenia can happen due to three unlike problems in this procedure — if your body doesn't make plenty new platelets, destroys more platelets than normal, or traps likewise many platelets in your spleen instead of releasing them into your blood.
Decreased Platelet Production
1 type of thrombocytopenia happens when your torso doesn't make enough new platelets. Your body makes platelets in your bone marrow. So common causes of decreased platelet production include os marrow cancer and problems with your bone marrow from chemotherapy. Other causes include:
- Infections, such as hepatitis C, HIV, mumps and rubella
- Chronic heavy drinking
- Vitamin B12 deficiency
- Folate deficiency
Increased Platelet Destruction
Some other type of thrombocytopenia happens when your torso destroys too many platelets. This type is sometimes caused by problems with the allowed system, like autoimmune disorders or immune reactions to blood transfusions. I specific type is called immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This happens when your immune arrangement attacks your platelets.
Other causes include:
- Infections
- Side effects of certain medicines, like sure blood thinners and antibiotics
- Side effects of a mechanical heart valve
- Sepsis (a severe complication from an infection)
- Preeclampsia (a pregnancy complication)
Increased Platelet Sequestration
The third blazon of thrombocytopenia happens when your torso sequesters (traps) too many platelets inside the spleen. It's normal for your body to capture and hold some platelets in the spleen. But if there's increased platelet sequestration, that ways too many platelets are trapped in the spleen instead of floating around in the bloodstream.
Causes of this blazon include:
- Chronic heavy drinking
- Liver disease
- Enlarged spleen
- Pregnancy
It can also be caused by excessive bleeding, blood clots or high claret force per unit area in the lung or too much intravenous fluid.
Am I at Risk for Thrombocytopenia?
Yous may be at higher take a chance for thrombocytopenia if you lot:
- Have a family history of thrombocytopenia
- Have had cancer, liver affliction or an autoimmune affliction
- Take sure medicines, like heparin or sure antibiotics
- Are pregnant, especially if yous have preeclampsia during pregnancy
- Drink heavily over a long period of time
Other risk factors include contempo heart valve replacement, recent claret transfusion and certain infections. If you accept a low platelet count or unexplained bleeding, your doctor will enquire to nearly these risk factors to assist diagnose thrombocytopenia.
How Exercise Doctors Diagnose Thrombocytopenia?
To find out if you lot take thrombocytopenia, your physician will practise a blood test chosen a complete blood count. This examination checks the levels of all the different types of cells in your claret, including platelets. If your platelet count is beneath 150,000/uL, you accept thrombocytopenia. Just your doctor may do additional tests or ask you lot some questions to find out what type of thrombocytopenia you have and what'southward causing it.
If you get an annual physical, your doctor may diagnose thrombocytopenia based on routine blood work. In this case, your md will practice a consummate medical history and physical examination to check for underlying health conditions that can atomic number 82 to thrombocytopenia. You lot may also accept claret tests as part of your medical care when you're sick or injured — and doctors may find out you take thrombocytopenia that fashion.
What Are the Treatments for Thrombocytopenia?
Your handling volition depend on the cause of your thrombocytopenia. For example:
- If your body isn't making plenty new platelets, you may need blood or platelet transfusions.
- If your thrombocytopenia is a side effect of a medicine or transfusion, you may need to stop taking that medicine or transfusion.
- If you take an autoimmune disorder or an infection, your doctor may prescribe medicine to care for that status.
- If you take cancer, you lot may need chemotherapy or radiation treatments.
- If your body is trapping too many platelets in the spleen, y'all may need surgery to remove your spleen.
- If heavy drinking or some other behavior is causing your thrombocytopenia, your doctor can aid you make a programme to stop drinking or brand other lifestyle changes.
Overall, at that place are as many treatment options as in that location are causes of thrombocytopenia. So it's important to work with your doctor to figure out the cause and brand a handling plan that's correct for you.
Your Next Steps to Stay Good for you If You Have Thrombocytopenia
If yous have thrombocytopenia, yous tin can have steps at home to stay good for you. The nigh of import step is to proceed up with your md appointments and blood work. Ask your medico how frequently you need claret tests and make sure to get to all your follow-up appointments.
If you take thrombocytopenia from an enlarged spleen, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes to avert injuries. This is because injuries can cause an enlarged spleen to rupture. You may need to switch from contact sports to non-contact sports.
If y'all drink heavily or you accept liver disease, you'll need to terminate drinking. Alcohol use disorder is a mutual trouble, and there are resources available to help you. Talk with your doctor about ways to cut back on drinking.
Depending on the cause of your thrombocytopenia, there may be other steps you lot can take, like fugitive certain over-the-counter medicines. Call back, the most important step is to piece of work with your doctor to observe the crusade and get the treatment yous need.
Resource Links:
- "Thrombocytopenia" via Goldman-Cecil Medicine
- "Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)" via Mayo Clinic
- "Thrombocytopenia" via MedlinePlus
- "Thrombocytopenia" via National Center, Lung, and Blood Institute.
- "The Nascency and Decease of Platelets in Wellness and Disease" via Physiology
Source: https://www.symptomfind.com/health-conditions/thrombocytopenia-low-platelets-condition?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740013%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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